Periodontology – Care of the health of the gums and dental bone
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What is periodontology?
Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of gum diseases and the bone that supports the teeth.
What is periodontal disease and why does it occur?
Periodontal disease, also known as periodontitis, is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth (gingiva, alveolar bone, and periodontal ligament).
The etiology, i.e. the causes, of periodontal disease is multifactorial, but the main factor is bacterial plaque accumulated on the surface of the teeth and under the gums.
Etiology of periodontal disease:
Bacterial plaque: The accumulation of bacterial plaque, made up of bacteria and food debris, is the main trigger of periodontal disease. Bacterial plaque produces toxins that irritate the gums and, if untreated, leads to inflammation (gingivitis).
- Dental tartar:
Mineralized bacterial plaque, called tartar, is deposited on the teeth and under the gums, aggravating inflammation and destruction of periodontal tissues. It is difficult to remove by brushing and requires the intervention of a specialist. - Factori genetici:
There is a genetic predisposition to periodontal disease, with certain people being more susceptible to developing the condition than others, even with good oral hygiene. - Local factors: Local irritations such as improper dental restorations, overly large dental restorations, or occlusion defects can contribute to the development of periodontal disease.
- Factori generali:
Other factors, such as smoking, stress, certain systemic diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases), can worsen periodontal disease or influence the body's response to treatment. Periodontal disease is a complex condition, and early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent serious complications.
Stages of periodontal disease
1. Gingivitis – reversible inflammation
2. Early periodontitis – periodontal pockets appear
3. Moderate periodontitis – advanced bone loss
4. Severe periodontitis – high risk of tooth loss
Symptoms – when should you be concerned?
- Bleeding when brushing
- Red, swollen, or receding gums
- Teeth that move
- Bad breath
How is periodontal disease treated?
Treatment involves professional cleanings, subgingival curettage, surgical interventions if necessary, and periodic maintenance.
In certain cases, when the periodontal infection is severe or does not respond sufficiently to mechanical treatment, adjuvant antibiotic therapy may be recommended.
The choice of antibiotics is personalized, depending on the patient's condition and the predominant bacterial flora.
What treatments do we offer in our clinic?
- Professional scaling
- AirFlow and professional brushing
- Dental laser – for minimally invasive, painless, fast-healing treatments, used in prophylaxis, periodontal treatments and special hygiene;
- Subgingival curettage
- Clinical monitoring
- Complete evaluation by digital periodontogram, according to the Swiss guide (Berne school)
Ai probleme cu gingiile sau mobilitatea dinților? La Clinica de Parodontologie Dental Art Oradea, echipa noastră de specialiști în parodontologie folosește tehnologii moderne și planuri personalizate pentru a-ți reda sănătatea zâmbetului.
Schedule a periodontal evaluation at Dental Art Oradea Clinic.
Detect and treat periodontal disease early and correctly.
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Frequently asked questions about periodontal treatment
Periodontal disease is a chronic condition, which means it doesn't go away completely, but it can be stopped from progressing. With the right treatments and regular check-ups, the gums can calm down, the inflammation can be reduced, and the teeth can be kept healthy for a long time. Basically, we don't "cure" the disease, we just keep it under control so that it doesn't progress any further.
There is a genetic predisposition – that is, some people are more susceptible to periodontal disease because other family members have it. However, genetics is not the only factor. Oral hygiene, smoking, stress, diet and other diseases (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases) play a very important role. Even if someone has the inherited “ground”, through prevention and regular treatment they can keep the disease under control.
In its early stages, it does not cause pain – that is why it is called the “silent disease of the teeth”. The first signs are inflamed gums, bleeding when brushing or bad breath. Pain only appears in advanced stages, when the gums and bone are already affected and the teeth begin to move. That is why it is important to have regular check-ups with your dentist, even if there is no pain.
Yes, in many cases! If the disease is detected in time and specific treatments are applied (professional hygiene, periodontal treatments, correction of predisposing factors), the teeth can be maintained for many years. Even in situations where there is tooth mobility, there are stabilization solutions. The earlier the treatment starts, the greater the chances of preserving natural teeth.
Smoking is one of the most important risk factors for periodontal disease. It promotes the accumulation of bacteria, reduces blood supply to the gums, and slows down healing. In addition, in smokers, the disease progresses much faster and responds less well to treatment. Quitting smoking or at least reducing it significantly increases the chances of keeping your teeth.
Most modern periodontal procedures are minimally invasive and are performed under local anesthesia when necessary. Scaling or cleaning may cause some mild discomfort, but not actual pain. Patients often report that the sensation is much more bearable than they expected.
The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease. In the early stages, a complete cleaning and monitoring every 6 months may be sufficient. In advanced cases, more sessions and regular visits (every 3–4 months) are needed for maintenance. Periodontal disease requires ongoing care, not just a “one-time” treatment.